Members of the Milice march through Paris.
Western Europe!
 
 
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02/01/1943 Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu meets with Hitler and expresses concern about the unfolding disaster at Stalingrad.
28/01/1943 The whole of the German workforce is mobilised for ‘total war’. All men aged 16-65 and women aged 17- 50 to be registered.
29/01/1943 Dr. Ernst Kaltenbrunner is appointed the successor to Heydrich.
30/01/1943 With the German Sixth Army in its death throes at Stalingrad, Hitler does the seemingly unthinkable and allows the 10th anniversary of the Nazi seizure of power to pass without speaking to the nation. It is the first unmistakable evidence of Hitler's retreat from public appearances as the tide of the war turns.
31/01/1943 Vichy France creates the Milice (Militia), under the command of Joseph Darnand, an extreme right-wing World War 1 veteran, to combat the Resistance. The Milice effectively becomes an arm of the German Occupation and reaches a strength of more than 20,000 by mid-1944.
 
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16/02/1943 Dr. Mildred Harnack-Fish, a member of the German resistance sentenced to death by the German government, is beheaded at Berlin's Plotzensee Prison.
18/02/1943 In the wake of the Stalingrad disaster, Dr. Goebbels, speaking before an enthusiastic audience of soldiers and civilians in Berlin, announces the implementation of "total war" which, for the first time, mandates the employment of German women in the war effort.
 
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13/03/1943 An assassination attempt is made on Hitler.
21/03/1943 Hitler breaks his four-month silence with a Hero's Day speech.
 
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05/04/1943 Dietrich Bonhöffer is arrested, charged with subverting the German armed forces and imprisoned.
07/04/1943 Hitler spends the better part of four days at Klessheim Castle near Salzburg (which has recently been refurbished as a Nazi Party conference center and spa) alternately browbeating and cajoling Mussolini to keep Italy in the war. Concerned by Mussolini's evaporating morale, Hitler spends the rest of April summoning to Klessheim the leaders Vichy France, Norway, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and Croatia for a series of pep talks. With the war's tide clearly turning against the Axis, the Fuhrer has limited success.
 
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02/05/1943 SA Chief of Staff Viktor Lutze is killed. The actual cause of his death remains mysterious. Officially, he died in a automobile accident, although rumours persist that he was killed when German partisans ambushed his car. He is succeeded by Wilhelm Scheppmann.
06/05/1943 Hitler makes one of his increasingly rare visits to Berlin for Viktor Lutze's funeral.
07/05/1943 In a speech to Nazi Party Reichsleiters and Gauleiters in Berlin, Hitler says tht U-boat warfare will be stepped up as the surest way to "cut the arteries of the enemy." Even as the Fuhrer speaks, however, the calamity of "Black May" for the U-boat force is unfolding in the Atlantic.
27/05/1943 Jean Moulin presides over the first-ever unified meeting of the French Resistance at 48 Rue de Four in Paris, where Charles de Gaulle is unanimously recognized as the movement's leader. A month later, Moulin is betrayed and arrested by the Gestapo, dying on his way to a concentration camp in Germany.
 
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01/06/1943 The British actor Leslie Howard, flying back to Britain from a five-week lecture tour in Spain and Portugal boosting the Allied cause, is killed when his DC-3 airliner is shot down by German fighter planes over the Bay of Biscay. Although it came to be believed that the real target was Howard's manager, Alfred Chenhalls, who bore a passing resemblance to Winston Churchill, it now appears certain that Howard was the actual target. Alerted to Howard's presence in the Iberian Peninsula by German agents, Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels had ordered the plane shot down in order to silence the outspoken anti-Nazi actor.
 
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04/07/1943 General Sikorski and several other Polish leaders of the London-based anti-Communist Polish government-in-exile, die in plane crash just after take-off from Gibraltar, which some suspect is the result of deliberate sabotage.
 
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18/08/1943 Portugal, invoking her 1373 alliance with Great Britain, agrees to allow Allied forces the use of the Azores Islands for naval and air bases.
24/08/1943 Himmler, becomes the Minister of the Interior.
 
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10/09/1943 After weeks of prodding by Goebbels, Hitler consents to make a short radio broadcast to the German people on the dramatic events of the summer, particularly in Italy. After paying tribute to his fallen partner Mussolini, Hitler warns his enemies that getting rid of him will not be nearly so simple.
16/09/1943 In a sign of the increasing confidence and audacity of the French Resistance, Julius Ritter, an aide to Nazi Labour Minister Fritz Sauckel, is shot to death in broad daylight on the Etoile in Paris. Fifty Frenchmen are taken hostage and executed by the Nazis in reprisal.
 
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15/10/1943 General de Lattre de Tassigny escapes from Vichy France.
22/10/1943 The Germans publish a plan to kidnap Hitler, which was allegedly drawn up by the Italians.
 
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08/11/1943 Hitler in his last speech to Nazi Party says ‘We shall go on fighting past 12 o’clock’.
 
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02/12/1943 Hitler orders the conscription of German Youth for active service.
12/12/1943 Rommel becomes C in C of Army Group B, which covers the coastal defences from Holland to Bay of Biscay.
19/12/1943 A pitched battle is reported between the resistance and Germans troops in Bernex, eastern France.
20/12/1943 Franco disbands Falangist (Fascist) Militia in Spain.
21/12/1943 Under pressure from the Allies to curtail German espionage operations in the Irish Free State, Prime Minister Eamon de Valera confiscates the German embassy's radio transmitter.
24/12/1943 Commanders of the ‘Second Front’ are announced as Eisenhower, Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force; Montgomery to be C in C of 21st Army Group.
 
 
 
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